With the remarkable development of Nanotechnology in recent years, new drug delivery approaches based on the state-of-the-art nanotechnology have been receiving significant attention. Nanoparticles, an evolvement of nanotechnology, are increasingly considered as a potential candidate to carry therapeutic agents safely into a targeted compartment in an organ, particular tissue or cell. These particles are colloidal structures with a diameter less than 1,000 nm, and therefore can penetrate through diminutive capillaries into the cell’s internal machinery. This innovative delivery technique might be a promising technology to meet the current challenges in drug delivery. The different types of nanoparticles drug delivery systems under investigation and their prospective therapeutic applications, and also present a closer look at the advances, current challenges, and future direction of nanoparticles drug delivery systems.

Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of inorganic nanomaterials for medical applications. At present, nanomedicines-nanoparticles (NPs) destined for therapy or diagnosis purposes-can be found in a number of medical applications, including therapeutics and diagnosis agents .Pushing the limits of nanotechnology towards enhanced Nanomedicines will surely help to reduce side effects of traditional treatments and to achieve earlier diagnosis. The interplay between engineered nanomaterials and biological components is influenced by complex interactions which make predicting their biological fate and performance a nontrivial issue. We hope that both early-stage and experienced researchers will find it valuable for designing nanoparticles for enhanced bio-performance. Nanoemulsions have attracted great attention in research, dosage form design and pharmacotherapy. This is as a result of a number of attributes peculiar to nanoemulsions.

Before testing a drug in people, researchers must determine whether it's the potential to cause serious harm, also called toxicity. the 2 sorts of preclinical research are: In Vitro, In Vivo. Usually, preclinical studies aren't very large. However, these studies must provide detailed information on dosing and toxicity levels. After preclinical testing, researchers review their findings and choose whether the drug should be tested in people.

The term biopharmacology describes a field of research closely related to pharmacokinetics, sometimes called biopharmacy. Biopharmaceuticals are medical drugs produced using biotechnology. They are proteins (including antibodies), nucleic acids (DNA, RNA or antisense oligonucleotides) used for therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic purposes, and are produced by means other than direct extraction from a native (non-engineered) biological source.

Regenerative medicine has the potential to heal or replace tissues and organs damaged by age, disease, or trauma, also on normalize congenital defects. Promising preclinical and clinical data so far support the likelihood for treating both chronic diseases and acute insults, and for regenerative medicine to abet maladies occurring across a good array of organ systems and contexts, including dermal wounds, cardiovascular diseases and traumas, treatments surely sorts of cancer, and more the present therapy of transplantation of intact organs and tissues to treat organ and tissue failures and loss suffers from limited donor supply and sometimes severe immune complications, but these obstacles may potentially be bypassed through the utilization of regenerative medicine strategies

Pharmacology is that the study of the interactions between drugs and therefore the body. the 2 broad divisions of pharmacology are pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is that pharmacokinetics (PK) is defined because the movement of medicine through the body, whereas pharmacodynamics (PD) is defined because the body’s biological response to drugs.

Nanotechnology is universally recognized as one of the most important scientific fields of the twenty‐first century. Biomedical applications of this technology offer great promise in finding new approaches to repairing damaged tissues and curing disease. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology will address key topics from the perspectives of medicine, biology, physics, chemistry, and engineering, and serve as an encyclopedic reference for Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology research

Personalized medicine has recently taken center stage in cancer research and has led to variety of therapeutic success stories in oncological practice. Cancer is an immensely complex, heterogeneous disease that's caused by the interplay of multiple intrinsic (genetic predisposition) and extrinsic (lifestyle) factors. As cancer progresses, genetic drifts within the cell population typically end in heterogeneity with reference to cell antigenicity, differentiation state, proliferation rate, invasiveness, metastatic potential and response to chemotherapeutics.

Graphene is a novel material that has extraordinary properties, which may be used not just for the preparation of other new compounds supported it, but the chances are endless in various fields. The importance of this discovery was so great that the scientists who discovered it received the Nobel prize in physics in 2010. one among the foremost important uses of Graphene are found within the Medical field. it's emerged as an innovative material during this sector thanks to its capability to treat some serious diseases like Cancer. this text is especially focused on the applications of Graphene within the Medical sector.

Nanomedicine as an innovative and promising alternative technology shows many advantages over conventional cancer therapies and provides new opportunities for early detection, improved treatment, and diagnosis of cancer. Despite the cancer nanomedicines’ capability of delivering chemotherapeutic agents while providing lower systemic toxicity, it is paramount to consider the cancer complexity and dynamics for bridging the translational bench-to-bedside gap. It is important to conduct appropriate investigations for exploiting the tumor microenvironment, This review provides an overview of the current cancer nanomedicines, the major challenges, and the future opportunities in this research area.

Novel Drug Delivery Systems is delivered can have a big effect on its efficacy. Some drugs have an optimum concentration range within which maximum benefit springs, and concentrations above or below this range are often toxic or produce no therapeutic benefit in the least . On the opposite hand, the very slow progress within the efficacy of the treatment of severe diseases, has suggested a growing need for a multidisciplinary approach to the delivery of therapeutics to targets in tissues. From this, new ideas on controlling the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, non-specific toxicity, immunogenicity, biorecognition, and efficacy of drugs were generated. These new strategies, often called drug delivery systems (DDS), are supported interdisciplinary approaches that combine polymer science, pharmaceutics, bioconjugate chemistry, and biology.

Nanotechnology is universally recognized as one of the most important scientific fields of the twenty‐first century. Biomedical applications of this technology offer great promise in finding new approaches to repairing damaged tissues and curing disease. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology will address key topics from the perspectives of medicine, biology, physics, chemistry, and engineering, and serve as an encyclopedic reference for Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology research

Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology deals with emerging new technologies for developing customized solutions for drug delivery systems. The drug delivery system positively impacts the rate of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the drug or other related chemical substances in the body. In addition to this the drug delivery system also allows the drug to bind to its target receptor and influence that receptor’s signaling and activity.

Pharmaceutical nanotechnology embraces applications of nanoscience to pharmacy as nanomaterials, and as devices like drug delivery, diagnostic, imaging and biosensor.

Recent advances in creating nanomaterials have created new opportunities in biomedical research and clinical applications Inorganic nanoparticles and Organic nanoparticles High-quality nanomaterials, of well-controlled size and shape, are a replacement class of building blocks to enable the establishment of assays for monitoring molecular signals in biological systems and living organisms. Many of those new nanoassays have higher sensitivity, selectivity and throughput than conventional bioanalytical methods. On the one hand, these nanoassays are going to be capable of detecting biochemical changes at the single-molecule level in living cells Nanopatterns.

Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology based system deals with emerging new technologies for developing customized solutions for drug delivery systems. The drug delivery system positively impacts the rate of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the drug or other related chemical substances in the body. In addition to this the drug delivery system also allows the drug to bind to its target receptor and influence that receptor’s signaling and activity. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology embraces applications of nanoscience to pharmacy as nanomaterials, and as devices like drug delivery, diagnostic, imaging and biosensor.

Some smart drug delivery platform is based on neutral phospholipid Nanoliposomes. Where classic Classic liposomes modalities have had manufacturing problems involving sizing, uniformity, loading, storage, and enhancement compatibility, which can be overcome by employing true nanotechnology to build liposomes upon discrete self-assembling DNA scaffolds. The smart drug delivery system is used for delivering drugs to the host. Biological information detected by biological sensors is analyzed and the drug delivery system is actuated to deliver the drug based on the information. MEMS or NEMS technology based drug pumps, micro-pumps, micro-needles, micro-osmotic pumps, and nano-pumps are utilized for smarter drug delivery. One of the concerns these days about self-assembling nanotechnology is that it is so advanced beyond the current drug paradigm that it becomes problematic from a regulatory point of view. While there is currently no drug treatment delivered directly into these types of cancers.